The first patent for a refillable pencil with lead-propelling mechanism was issued to Sampson Mordan and John Isaac Hawkins in Britain in 1822. The earliest extant example of a mechanical pencil was found aboard the wreckage of HMS Pandora, which sank in 1791. History Detail of the first patent for a mechanical pencil of Sampson Mordan, 1822Ĭonrad Gesner described a lead holder pencil in 1565, but the lead had to be manually adjusted to sharpen it. Mechanical pencils were first used in the 18th century, with many designs patented in the 19th and 20th centuries. Since they do not have to be sharpened, they are also popular with students. Mechanical pencils are used to provide lines of constant width, without need of sharpening, for tasks such as technical drawing as well as for clean looking writing. the 1980s), propelling pencil (British and Australian English, often refers to higher-end mechanical pencils), pen pencil (Indian English), and lead pencil (Bangladeshi and American English). Other names include: microtip pencil, automatic pencil, drafting pencil, technical pencil, draughting pencil, click pencil (generally refers to a specific brand), pump pencil, leadholder, Pacer (Australian English, ca. The vast majority of mechanical pencils have erasers. The lead, often made of graphite, is not bonded to the outer casing, and can be mechanically extended as its point is worn away as it is being used. Pencil with a replaceable and mechanically extendable solid pigment coreĪ typical construction of a ratchet-based mechanical pencilĪ mechanical pencil, also clutch pencil, is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically extendable solid pigment core called a "lead" / ˈ l ɛ d/.
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